Water is essential to life. Your organs and muscles require water to perform. How much water you drink is normally by how dry your mouth feels. People that do not have a dry mouth may not drink the amount needed to provide a hydrated body. Some medications may cause a change in thirst, and some may cause a change in water balance. Older adults can experience a decrease in thirst sensation.
Some medical conditions change the water balance and can have an impact on dehydration or over-hydration. Low blood sugar and high blood sugar can alter the water balance. Nausea and low oxygen levels can prevent water intake. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease causes an imbalance in water. Safe available water can cause problems with water balance.
Water balance can be defined as the difference between water intake and water output. Water intake is mostly from oral drinking and food sources. Water output can be from urine, bowels, sweat, and breathing. A normal person can have an imbalance of water quite easily. Body size, physical activity levels, and sodium intake also determine water balance.
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